How to Become an Auctioneer: US State-by-State Guide
How to become an auctioneer in the US, UK, and Australia — license requirements, auction schools, apprenticeship paths, exam content, and what comes after.
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Becoming an auctioneer in the United States usually means completing an accredited auction school (1–2 weeks, $1,800–$3,500), serving an apprenticeship under a licensed auctioneer where your state requires one, passing a state licensing exam, posting a surety bond, and renewing the license annually with continuing education credits. In the UK there is no national license — you become an auctioneer by training under an established house and joining a professional body like SOFAA, NAVA, or RICS. In Australia, each state issues its own auctioneer license through the local fair-trading authority.
The path matters because the auctioneer's license is the credential that lets you call bids legally on someone else's property. Even in 2026, with 80%+ of bids placed online and the rostrum reduced to a webcast feed in many sales, the licensed human auctioneer is still the legal anchor of the sale. This guide is operator-led: it covers what the licence actually requires, what the schools teach, what the exam tests, what apprenticeships look like, and what the real career economics are after you qualify.
US auctioneer licensing — state-by-state reality
The United States has no federal auctioneer license. Eighteen states currently require some form of state-issued auctioneer or auction-firm license, and a further handful regulate at the city level. The rest treat auctioneering as a regular business activity covered by general business licensing only.
The license vs. no-license map
Use this table as your first filter. If you live in a no-license state, you can lawfully start calling bids tomorrow under a basic business license. If you live in a license state, expect 6–18 months from start to credential.
Local business license; sealed-bid sales of certain personal property regulated separately
Colorado
No
—
Local business license
Connecticut
No
—
Local business license
Delaware
Yes
Division of Professional Regulation
Apprenticeship + exam
Florida
Yes
DBPR
80-hour course or 1-year apprenticeship + exam + bond
Georgia
Yes
GA Auctioneers Commission
80-hour course + apprenticeship + exam
Hawaii
No
—
Local business license
Idaho
No
—
Local business license
Illinois
No (repealed 2014)
—
Local business license only
Indiana
Yes
Indiana Auctioneer Commission
School + exam
Iowa
No
—
Local business license
Kansas
No
—
Local business license; bond required for itinerant auctioneers
Kentucky
Yes
Kentucky Board of Auctioneers
1-year apprenticeship + exam + bond
Louisiana
Yes
Louisiana Auctioneers Licensing Board
School + apprenticeship + exam
Maine
No
—
Local business license
Maryland
No
—
Some counties require county-level licensing
Massachusetts
No
—
Local town/city license
Michigan
No
—
Local business license
Minnesota
No
—
County clerk filing
Mississippi
Yes
Mississippi Auctioneer Commission
School + apprenticeship + exam
Missouri
No
—
Local business license
Montana
No
—
Local business license
Nebraska
No
—
Local business license
Nevada
No
—
Local business license
New Hampshire
Yes
NH Office of Professional Licensure
Exam + bond
New Jersey
No
—
Local business license
New Mexico
No
—
Local business license
New York
No statewide; Yes within NYC
NYC Dept. of Consumer & Worker Protection
$200 NYC license; outside NYC, no requirement
North Carolina
Yes
NC Auctioneer Licensing Board
School + apprenticeship + exam + recovery fund
North Dakota
Yes
ND Public Service Commission
Bond + registration
Ohio
Yes
Ohio Department of Agriculture
1-year apprenticeship + exam
Oklahoma
No
—
Local business license
Oregon
No
—
Local business license
Pennsylvania
Yes
PA State Board of Auctioneer Examiners
School + apprenticeship + exam
Rhode Island
No
—
Local business license
South Carolina
Yes
SC Auctioneers' Commission
80-hour course + apprenticeship + exam
South Dakota
No
—
Local business license
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee Auctioneer Commission
80-hour course + 2-year apprenticeship + exam
Texas
Yes
Texas Department of Licensing & Regulation
Approved education + exam + bond
Utah
No
—
Local business license
Vermont
Yes
Vermont Office of Professional Regulation
Exam
Virginia
Yes
Department of Professional and Occupational Regulation
School + exam
Washington
No
—
Local business license
West Virginia
Yes
WV State Tax Department
Exam + bond
Wisconsin
Yes
DSPS
School or apprenticeship + exam
Wyoming
No
—
Local business license
A few practical notes on this table:
Recipriocity — many license states have mutual recognition agreements with their neighbours. If you hold a Tennessee license, several adjacent states will issue a non-resident license without re-examination.
Auction firm vs. auctioneer — most license states distinguish between the individual auctioneer and the auction company. You typically need both if you operate the firm yourself.
Real estate auctioneers — usually require a separate real estate license layered on top of the auctioneer's license.
Bond requirements — typically $5,000–$25,000 surety bond; expect $50–$300 annual premium depending on credit.
What the typical US license process looks like
Education — most license states accept either an approved auction school course (typically 80 hours or 1–2 weeks compressed) or an apprenticeship under a licensed auctioneer (typically 1–2 years).
Apprenticeship — where required, you must work under a sponsoring licensed auctioneer and document a minimum number of sales attended (usually 6–24).
Examination — written exam covering state law, ethics, mathematics (commission, premium, bid increments, settlement), business basics, and sometimes a chant demonstration.
Application and bond — file the application, pay the fee ($150–$500), post the surety bond.
Continuing education — most states require 6–16 hours of CE per renewal cycle (annual or biennial).
Auction schools — the three biggest names
If you're entering the profession from scratch and want the credential and the network, an accredited auction school is the fastest route. Three schools dominate the US market and are accepted by most state licensing boards.
National Auctioneers Association (NAA) — Designations Academy
NAA is the trade body, not strictly a school, but it runs the most respected post-license credentials in the industry: CAI (Certified Auctioneers Institute), AARE (Accredited Auctioneer Real Estate), GPPA (Graduate Personal Property Appraiser), BAS (Benefit Auctioneer Specialist), and MPPA (Master Personal Property Appraiser).
CAI is a three-year programme delivered in week-long residencies at Indiana University. Cost: ~$2,800/year × 3 years. CAI is the credential bid-callers carry when they're working with high-end consignors and corporate clients.
World Wide College of Auctioneering
Mason City, Iowa. Founded 1933. Compressed 9-day or 10-day residential course, runs multiple times per year. Roughly $2,995 tuition plus accommodation. Curriculum covers chant development, mathematics, ethics, contract law, real estate auctioneering basics, and benefit auctioneering. Accepted as the educational requirement in most license states.
Mendenhall School of Auctioneering
High Point, North Carolina. 80-hour residential course, ~10 days. $2,000–$2,500 tuition. One of the longest-running schools (since 1962). Strong reputation for chant training and a particularly active alumni network in the Southeast US.
Other respected schools
Reppert School of Auctioneering (Indiana) — long-established, broader curriculum
Texas Auction Academy (Dallas) — Texas-licensed-friendly
Southeastern School of Auctioneering (Maryland)
Continental School of Auctioneering (Wyoming, online + residential)
America's Auction Academy (Texas) — particularly strong for benefit auctioneering
Pick a school that is on the approved list of your state licensing board. The board will not accept a non-approved school's certificate, even from a respected institution.
What auction school actually teaches
The curriculum looks roughly the same across schools because state boards mandate broadly similar content. Expect modules on:
Chant — the rhythmic bid-calling cadence, with modules on number rolling, filler words ("dollar bid, now two, now two, give me two"), tone control, and breath management. Most schools have students chant for 8–10 hours per day in the residential portion.
Mathematics — buyer's premium, seller's commission, bid increments, settlement reconciliation, percentage calculations under time pressure
Ethics and licensing law — your specific state code, NAA Code of Ethics
Contracts — consignment agreements, conditions of sale, buyer agreements
Marketing and consignor acquisition — practical business development
Real estate auctioneering — for those pursuing the AARE designation
Benefit auctioneering — fund-a-need, paddle raise, gala dynamics, often a separate elective
Online and timed auctions — increasingly mandatory; what changes when there is no rostrum
The chant matters less than first-time students assume. Online and timed sales now drive 80% of bid volume, and the rostrum at most boutique houses runs at a steady, deliberate cadence rather than a Texas livestock chant. Develop a chant you can sustain for an hour without losing volume — that's the bar.
How-to steps (the licensing path in order)
Step-by-step: become a licensed auctioneer in the US
Step 01
Pick your home state and read its rules
Go to your state auctioneer commission's website and read the licensing statute and administrative code in full. The board will list approved schools, apprenticeship documentation requirements, exam dates, fees, and bond amounts. Misreading this step is the single largest cause of wasted money in this profession.
Step 02
Complete an approved auction school
Enrol in a school on your state's approved list. World Wide, Mendenhall, Reppert, and Texas Auction Academy are accepted across most states. Plan 9–14 days of residential training and $2,000–$3,500 tuition plus accommodation. You will leave with a graduation certificate the licensing board recognises.
Step 03
Find an apprenticeship sponsor (where required)
In Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and a few others, you need a sponsoring licensed auctioneer. Approach houses in your area; the standard arrangement is unpaid or modestly paid, with 6–24 sales attended over 1–2 years. Document every sale with sponsor signatures.
Step 04
Submit the license application
File the application with school certificate, apprenticeship affidavit (where required), background check, application fee ($150–$500), and proof of bond. The application is processed in 4–10 weeks in most states.
Step 05
Pass the state exam
Sit the written exam. Topics include state law (40–50% of questions), ethics, mathematics, contract basics, and in some states a brief chant demonstration. Pass mark is typically 70–75%. Failing is rare for school graduates who have studied the state code.
Step 06
Post the surety bond
Buy a $5,000–$25,000 surety bond from a licensed insurer. Annual premium is typically 1–3% of the bond amount, so $50–$750 per year depending on credit. The bond protects buyers and consignors against your malfeasance.
Step 07
Receive the license and renew on schedule
Once the board issues your license, you are legally entitled to call bids in that state. Mark the renewal calendar — most states require renewal annually or biennially with documented continuing education hours (typically 6–16 hours per cycle).
Step 08
Pursue post-license credentials
Once licensed, the high-value credentials are NAA's CAI (general), AARE (real estate), BAS (benefit/charity), and GPPA (personal property appraiser). These cost $2,000–$3,000 each over 1–3 years and are what high-end consignors actually check.
Apprenticeship paths — what they actually look like
In states requiring apprenticeship (or where you choose it as the alternative to school), the day-to-day reality:
Sponsor relationship — you affiliate with a licensed auctioneer who agrees to supervise you. They sign your sales affidavit each time you participate in a sale.
Compensation — typically unpaid for the first 6–12 months, then a small commission or stipend. Some sponsors pay $50–$200 per sale day. Treat the apprenticeship as paid education, not as a job.
Tasks — clerking (recording hammer prices), ringman work (spotting bids on the floor), cataloguing, condition reports, lot setup, bidder registration. You may not actually call bids until well into the apprenticeship.
Documentation — every sale needs sponsor sign-off. State boards audit randomly; falsified records mean automatic denial.
Duration — Kentucky requires 1 year minimum; Tennessee requires 2 years minimum; most states accept 1 year. The apprenticeship can run concurrently with school in some states (e.g., Florida).
Practical sponsor-finding advice: approach 5–10 houses in your area with a one-page CV. Houses that need cataloguing and ringman labour are the easiest to break into. Houses with established apprentice pipelines (often the larger NAA-affiliated houses) are competitive but offer the best training.
Costs in real numbers
Total all-in cost to qualify in a US license state (school + apprenticeship route):
Auction school tuition: $2,000–$3,500
School accommodation and travel: $800–$2,000
Application and exam fees: $150–$500
Background check: $50–$100
Surety bond first-year premium: $50–$300
Continuing education year 1: $200–$500
Optional NAA membership: $465/year
Optional CAI designation: ~$2,800/year × 3 years
Realistic year-one out-of-pocket: $3,500–$7,000 to be a licensed auctioneer. $12,000–$15,000 over three years to add CAI and have a serious credential package.
United Kingdom — no national license, but the gates are real
The UK has not required an auctioneer's license at national level since the 19th century. Anyone can call bids legally tomorrow. What matters in practice:
Registration with HMRC under the Money Laundering Regulations 2017 — mandatory if you sell art over £10,000 per transaction or accept cash above thresholds. £300 application + £300 per premises annually.
Society of Fine Art Auctioneers (SOFAA) — peer-elected membership; the credential boutique fine-art auctioneers carry. ~50 member firms.
National Association of Valuers and Auctioneers (NAVA Propertymark) — for general and property auctioneers.
Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) — for property auctioneers; the MRICS designation is the credential that institutional consignors check.
The British Auctioneers Federation is now largely subsumed into Propertymark/NAVA.
Training in the UK is overwhelmingly through apprenticeship at established houses. The major fine-art houses (Sotheby's, Christie's, Bonhams, Phillips, Dreweatts, Lyon & Turnbull) run formal cataloguing-and-rostrum training programmes for entry-level specialists, leading to a rostrum role within 5–8 years. There is no shortcut.
University programmes worth flagging:
MA in Art Business — Sotheby's Institute of Art (London and NY)
MA in Art History — Courtauld Institute, London
MA in History of Design — V&A / Royal College of Art
MA in Fine and Decorative Arts — Sotheby's Institute
These are credentials for the cataloguing and specialist path, not strictly for the rostrum, but in fine art the two paths are deeply intertwined.
Australia — state-by-state, similar to the US
Each Australian state and territory licenses its own auctioneers, generally through the consumer-protection or fair-trading department:
NSW — Property and Stock Agents Act 2002; license issued by NSW Fair Trading. Real estate auctioneer separate.
VIC — Estate Agents Act 1980 and Sale of Land Act; Consumer Affairs Victoria.
QLD — Property Occupations Act 2014; Office of Fair Trading.
WA — Auction Sales Act 1973; Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety.
SA — Land Agents Act 1994; Consumer and Business Services.
TAS — Auctioneers and Real Estate Agents Act 1991.
ACT — Agents Act 2003; Access Canberra.
NT — Agents Licensing Act; Consumer Affairs.
Typical Australian path: complete a Certificate IV in Property Services (Real Estate or general) at a registered training organisation, complete the auctioneer-specific module, apply to the state department, receive licence in 4–8 weeks. Cost: AUD $1,500–$3,000 for the qualification, AUD $300–$700 application.
What comes after the license
A license is a starting line, not a finish line. Post-qualification reality:
The first year
Most newly licensed auctioneers don't earn a living from the rostrum alone in year one. The pay model in most US houses is:
Per-sale-day fee — $200–$1,500 depending on lot value and market
Percentage commission — 1–5% of hammer for guest auctioneers, more for principals
Salary + benefit auctioneering bonus — for staff auctioneers at established houses
A new licensee typically combines: clerking and ringman work at established houses (paid), benefit auctioneering for charity galas (often $1,500–$5,000 per gig), occasional paid rostrum work for small estate sales, and consignor development for their own future sales. Expected year-one earnings as a freelance newly-licensed auctioneer: $15,000–$45,000. As a staff auctioneer at an established house: $45,000–$80,000.
The benefit auctioneering side hustle
Charity galas pay the most reliable rostrum income for new and mid-career auctioneers. A trained benefit auctioneer (BAS designation through NAA) charges $1,500–$15,000 per gala depending on the size of the event and the auctioneer's profile. A fund-a-need that brings in $200k for a school gala generally pays the auctioneer $3,000–$7,500. There are 50,000+ charity auctions per year in the US alone; competition for the rostrum is real but the demand is steady.
Specialisation
Mid-career auctioneers specialise: real estate, fine art, watches, jewellery, classic cars, industrial equipment, charity. The specialist auctioneer — the one with category authority and a consignor book — earns multiples of the generalist. Cataloguing knowledge is what separates the specialist from the bid-caller.
The technology layer
The 2026 auctioneer increasingly works in front of a webcast camera, with online-bidder console operators feeding bids into the live sale via a platform interface. Familiarity with the tech stack is no longer optional — every rostrum auctioneer should be comfortable with live auctions, timed auctions, simulcast, absentee bidding, bid increment chart configuration, and the difference between a reserve and a no-reserve sale.
Building toward your own house
Many auctioneers eventually launch their own auction company — see the companion guide on how to start an auction house. The path is typically: license → 2–4 years working under another house → first solo sales as an itinerant auctioneer → register the auction firm → first dedicated sales → growth.
If you're building toward your own platform — whether as an auctioneer running occasional sales for charity clients or a founder launching a full-stack auction house — Auction Rabbit's web platform, mobile app, AI features, and Web3 capabilities cover the full operator stack. Talk to us when you're ready to discuss the technology side.
Common questions
In states without licensing (California, Illinois, Washington, etc.) you can call bids legally as soon as you have a basic business license — days to weeks. In licensing states with apprenticeship requirements (Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina), expect 12–24 months from start to licence. In licensing states accepting school in lieu of apprenticeship (Texas, Florida, Indiana, Wisconsin), expect 2–4 months.
All-in $3,500–$7,000 to qualify in a US licensing state, including school tuition, application and exam fees, surety bond, and continuing education. Add $2,800/year for three years to earn the CAI designation. UK qualification is essentially the cost of HMRC AML registration (~£300) plus optional professional body membership. Australia is AUD $1,500–$3,500 for the Cert IV and licence application.
No. Auctioneer licensing in every US state with a regime is based on auction-school education or apprenticeship, not a college degree. In specialist fine-art auctioneering, a degree (or graduate qualification) in art history, fine art, or design history is the de facto cost of entry to specialist roles at major houses, but it is not a licensing requirement.
World Wide College of Auctioneering (Iowa), Mendenhall School of Auctioneering (North Carolina), and Reppert School (Indiana) are the three most widely recognised in the US. Texas Auction Academy and America's Auction Academy are particularly strong for Texas-licensed auctioneering and benefit auctioneering respectively. Always confirm your state board's approved-school list before enrolling.
Many license states have reciprocity agreements with neighbouring states; with a Tennessee licence, you can typically obtain non-resident licences in Kentucky, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and several others without re-examination. Each non-resident licence has its own fee. For non-license states, you only need the destination state's general business licence.
No. Most fine-art and high-end auctioneering today uses a measured cadence (one bid every 3–6 seconds) rather than a livestock chant. Chant remains essential for cattle, equipment, real estate, and charity gala auctioneering. Choose your specialty based on the verticals you want to work, then train your bid-calling style for that audience.
Wide range. Newly licensed freelance auctioneers earn $15,000–$45,000 in year one. Staff auctioneers at established houses earn $45,000–$80,000. Mid-career specialists in fine art, watches, or real estate earn $80,000–$200,000+. Top benefit auctioneers in charity galas earn $200,000–$500,000 from a busy schedule of $3,000–$15,000 per-gala fees. Principals at boutique auction houses can earn $200,000–$1M+ depending on house revenue.
The National Auctioneers Association is the US trade body. Annual membership is around $465. Worth joining for: access to CAI/AARE/BAS/GPPA designations, the conference and education programme, the directory listing, peer network, and reduced rates on E&O insurance. Most established US auctioneers are NAA members.
It depends on the state and what you sell. In US states with auctioneer licensing, the licence usually applies to online sales as well as in-person ones — Texas, Florida, Tennessee, North Carolina, and most other licensing states explicitly cover online auctioneering. In non-licensing states you only need a general business licence. Always check the specific state code; the line between online auction, online consignment, and online retail is not always sharp.